1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 |1957 | 1958 | 1959
1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966
1967 | 1968 | 1969 | 1970| 1971 | 1972 | 1973
1974 | 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980
1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987
1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | Epilogue, 1993
Events
The Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first space satellite. (10/04/57)
President Eisenhower ordered troops to Little Rock, AR, to keep order during school desegregation. (09/25/57)
Lifestyles
Althea Gibson was the first Black to win the All England title in tennis at Wimbledon. (07/06/57)
Economic
The National Manpower Council (NMC) at Columbia University published its study, Womanpower, a comprehensive look at the experience of women in the labor force, their employment needs, and the implications of both for education, training and public policy. The NMC analysis called women “essential” and “distinctive” workers and recommended that the Secretary of Labor establish a committee to review “the consequences and adequacy of existing federal and state laws which have a direct bearing on the employment of women.” The committee was not established and no study was undertaken by the Labor Department. (1957)
Media
Senator John F. Kennedy won the Pulitzer Prize for Profiles in Courage.(1957)
An award-winning series of articles in the New York Post documented the existence of an unwritten ban on contraceptive counseling in New York City’s public hospitals sustained by the pervasive power and influence of the Catholic Church. (1957)
Political
In the minutes of a meeting of Secretary of Labor James P. Mitchell’s Policy Committee, it was noted that on the ERA, “Pres. for it-but not quite.” It was also noted, “Secretary will fudge.” (02/04 & 04/22)
The Civil Rights Act of 1957 established the Civil Rights Commission and allowed the Justice Department to bring suit on behalf of Blacks denied their right to vote.
The Backlash
The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) opened its membership to Roman Catholics, a group it formerly targeted.
